A chemical solution — such as glycolic, salicylic, lactic or TCA acid, selected according to skin type and concern — is applied evenly to the skin for a set period before being neutralised or left to naturally exfoliate. The acid works by breaking down the bonds between dead skin cells, causing the outer (and, in deeper peels, middle) layers to shed.
This controlled exfoliation reveals fresher skin beneath and stimulates cell turnover and collagen renewal. Peels are graded as superficial, medium or deep, with downtime and results scaling accordingly — from a light "lunchtime peel" with no visible peeling, to deeper peels involving several days of visible flaking.